Migraine
Medications used to treat and prevent migraine headaches.
What are Migraines?
Migraines are a type of recurring headache that can cause moderate to severe pain, often described as throbbing or pulsing. The pain is usually felt on one side of the head and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, weakness, and sensitivity to light and sound.
What Causes Migraines?
Researchers believe that migraines may have a genetic cause. Various factors can trigger migraines, and these can differ from person to person. Common triggers include stress, anxiety, hormonal changes in women, bright lights, loud noises, strong smells, certain medications, sleep disturbances, sudden weather changes, overexertion, tobacco, caffeine or caffeine withdrawal, and skipped meals. Some foods and ingredients, like alcohol, chocolate, aged cheeses, and processed meats, may also trigger migraines.
Symptoms of Migraines
Migraines can have four phases, but not everyone experiences all phases. The first phase, called prodrome, can start up to 24 hours before the headache and includes symptoms like food cravings and mood changes. The aura phase may involve visual disturbances or muscle weakness. The headache phase typically features throbbing pain, often on one side of the head, and can include nausea and increased sensitivity to light and sound. After the headache, the postdrome phase may leave you feeling exhausted or confused.
How are Migraines Treated?
There is no cure for migraines, but treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing future attacks. A range of prescription medicines is available to help manage symptoms. Additionally, lifestyle changes can be beneficial, such as resting in a quiet, dark room, applying a cool cloth to the forehead, and staying hydrated. Stress management techniques, keeping a migraine log, and maintaining a regular sleep and meal schedule can also help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines.
When to See a Doctor
If you experience frequent or severe migraines, it is important to consult your healthcare provider. They can help determine the best treatment options for you and rule out other medical conditions that may be causing your symptoms.
Medications used to treat Migraine
Several classes of medication treat migraine. Which is right depends on your health — that is a decision for you and your provider. Compare prices and coupons on any of them:
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Frequently asked questions
Who is at risk for migraines?
Migraines can affect anyone, but women are three times more likely to experience them than men. A family history of migraines and certain medical conditions, such as depression and anxiety, can also increase the risk.
What are the phases of a migraine?
Migraines can have four phases: prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. Not everyone goes through all phases.
What should I do during a migraine?
During a migraine, resting in a quiet, dark room and applying a cool cloth to your forehead can help. Staying hydrated is also important.
Can lifestyle changes help prevent migraines?
Yes, lifestyle changes such as stress management, keeping a migraine log, and maintaining a consistent sleep and meal schedule may help prevent migraines.
Are there natural treatments for migraines?
Certain natural treatments, like riboflavin (vitamin B2), coenzyme Q10, and magnesium, may help prevent migraines. However, always check with your healthcare provider before taking any supplements.
Compare prices for migraine medications
12 medications — select one to compare prices and coupons.
- Almotriptan Malate
- Dihydroergotamine Mesylate
- Eletriptan Hydrobromide
- Ergotamine Caffeine
- Ergotamine Tartrate
- Frovatriptan Succinate
- Naratriptan Hcl
- Rizatriptan Benzoate
- Sumatriptan
- Sumatriptan Naproxen Sodium
- Sumatriptan Succinate
- Zolmitriptan
Condition information adapted from MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Medication list sourced from RxClass (MED-RT, U.S. National Library of Medicine). Inclusion does not imply a medication is right for you.
Medical disclaimer: This information is provided for general educational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a licensed physician, pharmacist, or other qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication or treatment. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately.